Compressor.



L. H. GEISENDORFF. COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 12. 1914.

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L. H. GEISENDORFF.

COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 12. 1914.

Patented Jan. 18, 1916.

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L. H. GEISENDORFF.

COMPRESSOR. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 12, I914- 1,168,625. Mented Jan. 18,1916.

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LEE H. GEISENDORFF, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TOFRANK M. FAUVRE, 0F INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

COMPRESSOR.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan. 18, 1916.

Application filed January 12, 1914. Serial No. 811,627.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, LEE H. GEISENDORFF, a citizen of the United States,residing at Indianapolis, in the county of Marion and State of Indiana,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Compressors, ofwhich the following is a specification.

In the manufacture of compressors for compressing anhydrous ammonia gasthe elimination of leakage of gas has always been a serious proposition,involving both a matter of expense and the surrounding obnoxiousatmospheric conditions incident to such escaping gas, the above causesprohibiting the introductionof refrigerating systems for domesticpurposes.

The object of the present inyention contemplates the embodiment ofcertain features for a compressor to be used in refrigcrating systemsfor domestic purposes, wherein anhydrous ammonia gas can be compressedwithout waste, the parts being constructed that in case of leakage ofgas from the compression cylinders same will be caught, conserved andreturned to the cir culating system, and thereby through efiicient andeconomical service rendered, a demand will be created for theinstallation of refrigerating systems for domestic purposes. V p

A further object of the invention consists in the provision of acompressor of the above specified class, wherein the housing in additionto providing a reservoir for-holding the lubrication for the rotativeparts, also serves as a chamber for conserving such gas as may escapefrom the compression cylinders.

A further object of the invention consists in the provision of acompressor of the above specified class wherein the usual packing glandsemployed around the piston rods and near the point of compression aredispensed with, a single packing gland alone is used and is remotelysituated where it is less liable to be afi'ected \by heat incident tothe high compression of the gas, this single packing gland beingthe onlyone required in the entire compressori A further object of the inventionis to provide a compressor of the above character wherein each pistonmaybe individually adjustedwith respect to the adjacent cylinder head,thereby insuring that all gas will be ejected from the cylinders at eachstroke of the pistons, thereby securing the highest possible capacityand efficiency for the, sizeof the compressor employed.

A furtherobject ofthe invention is to provide acompressor of the abovecharacter wherein the cylinders are formed independently of thecompressor housing so that cylinders with largerbores, with acorrespondingly increased capacity, may be employed without disturbingor changing the remain* ing parts of the compressor.

A further object of the invention consists in the provision of acompressor of the above character wherein the piston rings are mountedindependently of the pistons in order not to disturb their trueness whenplacing them on or removing them from the pistons, whereby greaterpacking efiiciency is secured between the pistons and cylinders. Iaccomplish the above objects of the in vention by means of theconstruction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming a parthereof, in Which- I Figure 1 is a view partly in side elevation andpartlyin section of my improved compressor, in which the side-plate ofthe housing is omitted to expose the assembled con dition of theinternal mechanism of said compressor, on the dotted line 1-1 in Fig. 2.Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 2-2 in Fig. 1. Fig.3is a fragmentary detail sectional view, on a'considerably enlargedscale, showing the construc-- tion and arrangement of the inlet andoutlet valves for the ammonia gas and their connection with thecylinders of the compressor.

Fig. l is an external view of the means for retaining the valves firmlywithin the cyl-- inder heads. Fig. 5 is a side elevation ofan L-shapedring and a piston ring. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary detail view in sideelevation of one of the piston rods showing them constructed so as torender them self-centering in the cam yoke.

Referring to the drawings, 10 represents the central housing, of thecompressor, which is mounted upon a suitable base 11. The centralportion of the housing 10 ishollow and provides, first, working room forthe internal movable parts of the compressor, and, second, a chambertocatchand conserve such gas as may escape from the cylinders.

12 represents the main driving shaft which passes transversely throughthe housing 10 and through a suitable packing gland 13 within the cup14; formed integrally on the side-plate 15, of the housing, the otherend of the shaft projecting into a socket 16 formed integrally with theside-plate 17. The shaft 12 is provided with a suitable pulley 18 towhich power from any suitable power, generator, particularly an electricmotor, is imparted for operating the generator. Communicating with theinternal chamber of the compressor housing and at right angles to theshaft 12 are the hollow cylinders 20. These cylinders are provided ontheir outer ends with an annular rib 21 which rest in correspondinggrooves 22 in the outer ends of the sleeves 23, and the said sleeves aresecured to the housing 10 by means of suitable bolts 24. The inner endsof the cylinders 20 are reduced in diameter to form the shoulders 25which rest within recesses 25 in the housing 10, and suitable jointsbetween the two are effected by means of the. gaskets 26, so thatleakage is'prevented. The cylinders 20 are held in rigid relation withinthe sleeves 23 by'means of the cylinder-heads 30 which seal the outerends of the cylinders, and the heads 30. also provide means for,locating the inlet and outlet valves for controlling the flow of ammoniagas to and from the cylinders. The cylinders 20 are provided withextremely thick walls, enabling them to be re-bored in case of undue"wear, so that the life of said cylinders is materially prolonged. Thecylinders 20 are also formed independently of the housing 10 whichenables them to be removed and cylinders with larger bores substitutedwhereby the capacity of the compressor may be increased withoutnecessitating change in other parts of the compressor. From amanufacturing standpoint this is of particular importance. As thecompression reaches about two hundred pounds to the square inch withinthe cylinders 20 the latter may become heated and expand sufliciently tointerfere with the operation of the pistons, and to eliminate troublefrom this source, I provide means for keepin the cylinders cool. This isaccomplished by means of the chambers 35 located between the peripheriesof said cylinders and the sleeves 23, said chambers extendingcircumferentially around. said cylinders, and by means of inlet pipes 38and outlet pipes 39 streams of water may be constantly passed throughsaid chambers to extract heat produced by compression. e The vpistonscomprise members 40 th diameters ofwhich coincide with the internaldiameters of the cylinders 20, and these members 40 are reduced indiameter on their forward ends, as shown, to receive a plurality ofL-shaped collars or rings 41, and these collars form seats for thepiston rings 42. The rings 42 are held against accidental displacementby means of the caps 43 and lag-screws 44 which pass through the capsand into the end of the pistons. This construction serves the purposes,first, it enables the rings tobe truly turned to fit. the internaldiameters of the cylinders and be placed upon the L-shaped rings 12without expanding them, as now obtains in cylinders havingcircumferentially disposed grooves for the reception of the pistonrings, and second, the collars and rings may be easily removed andreplaced without removing the cylinders and pistons.

The pistons 40 are reciprocally actuated in their respective cylindersthrough the piston rods.5t by means of a single cam 50 which, is keyedfast to the driving shaft 12, and this cam engages an opening centrallylocated within a block 51 having vertical travel, the travel of saidblock being limited byv means of a yoke, 53 which is reciprocated in aplane at right angles to that of the block 51 and parallel with a planepassingihrough the longitudinal axis of the cylinders. Rotation of theyoke 52 is prevented by means of suitable guides 53? upon which the yokerides. Examining Fig. 2 of the drawings, it will be noted that the yoke53, block 51 and cam 50 are easily assembled and held in operativerelation by the side-plate 17 of the housing. This constructioncontemplates the use of a flange 51 formed integrally with and extendingaround the outer marginal edge of the block 51, and this flange bearsagainst the face of the yoke-52 and limits the insertion of the blocktherein. The cam 50 is provided with a flange 50, similar to the flange51,which rests against the face of the block 51 and limits the insertionof the cam therein, so that with the side-plate 17 of the housingbearing against the hub of the cam 50, the said cam and block 51 areoperatively held together with the yoke 53.

In compressors in common use the pistons pass through packing glands,and as the reciprocating movement of the pistons soon destroys them and,to prevent leakage, constant re-packing of the glands is necessary,which is expensive. In my improved compressor these packing glands aredispensed with,but one gland being used on the main driving shaft 12where it is not affected by heat and is not required to withstand theeffect of high compression within the cylinders, so that the gland willstand long usagewit hout attention. The piston rods 51 are rigidlysecured to and moved with the yoke 53, the latter being provided on itsopposite sides with integrally formed ears 55 to form seats for saidpiston rods. Theears have a transverse central opening for thereception'of the nuts 56 mount- I ed on the inner ends of the pistonrods 54.

vided with cone-shaped enlargements 58 (see Fig. 6) which engage thecone-shaped portions of the apertures 57. By means of this constructionthe piston rods 54 are easily centered to register with a plane passingthrough the longitudinal axis of the cylinders 20, and also lending aneasy adjustment of the pistons 10- and regulating .their travel withrespect to the cylinder heads. The outer ends of the piston rods 54 passthrough the longitudinal center of the pistons 40 and said rods arerigidly secured to said pistons bv means of the nuts 61 and 62. When thecam 50 is rotated the yoke 53 is reciprocated whereby one of theconnected pistons is drawn inward within its cylinder to draw in acharge of gas while the piston on the other side of the yoke is movedtoward the compression end of its cylinder to eject the gas undercompression. In order to obtain the highest working efficiency andcapacity of the compressor it is necessary at all times to effectuallydischarge all gas from the cylinders at each stroke of the pistons. Thiscan only be accomplished by providing an individual adjustment foreachpiston whereby its head which, in this instance, is the cap 43, will bebrought approximately against its cylinder head, and this isaccomplished by adjusting the nuts 56 and 60 on the piston rods 54:against the yoke 53. In case the heads of the pistons were not broughtapproximately against the cylinder heads intervening spaces between theends of the pistons and cylinder heads would result so that a portionof'the gas under pressure would be retained in the cylinders, and on thereturn strokes the pistons would be obliged to move a sufficientdistance away from the cylinder heads to allow the compressed gas toexpand sufficiently, with resulting reduction in pressure, until theresistance 'so ofi ered would be overcome by the springs in the inletvalves. This advance movement of the pistons would consume a substantialpercentage of their travel within the cylinders so that the charges ofthe incoming gas would be correspondingly reduced with a correspondingreduction in the capacity of the compressor.

The compressor is provided on each end with a piston head 30, asheretofore mentioned, and each piston head ,is provided with a pair ofvalves one of which is an intake valve for allowing the anhydrousammonia gas to pass into the cylinders of the compressor while the othervalves allow the compressed gas to escape from the cylinders of thecompressor. Fig. 3 clearly illustrates the construction and arrangementof these valves in which the anhydrous ammonia gas is conveyed to theinlet valves through a pipe 70, which bifurcates, the bifurcation endsleading to and connecting with the chambers 71 within the cylinder heads30. The chambers 71 extend; around the outer peripheries of the valves.The inlet valves comprise hollow. cylinders 72 and these cylinders areprovided with a plurality of longitudinal slots 73 which communicatewith the chambers 71' whereby the gas is let into the central bores ofsaid valves. The valve stems 7 5 are arranged centrally within thecylinders 72 of the inlet valves and are provided on their lower endswith the integrally formed conical valves 76 which are seated incorrespondingly formed openings in the ends of the valve cylinders 72.The outer ends of the valve stems 72 are secured to the spiders 78 thediameters oil which coincide. with the internal diameters of thecylinders 72.

Springs 79, resting against the bases 80 which act as guides for thevalve stems 75, also bear against the spiders 78, the tendency of saidsprings being to keep the valves 76 normally in their seats, but thesesprings offer little resistance so that the valves 76, stems 75 andspiders 78 are free to move longitudinally within the cylinders 72 whenthe suction caused by the receding pistons is sufficient to overcome theresistance offered by said springs. When this occurs an intake of gas isdrawn into the cylinders. To allow the gas to escape under compressionfrom the compression cylinders, I provide valves comprising thecylinders similar to the cylinders 72. In this instance the valve-stems91 pass freely through the spiders 92, these spiders being threaded intothe outer ends of the cylinders 90. Each of the valve-stems 91 isprovided with a second spider 95 which. is secured to and moves with thestems, and springs 96 are mounted between the spiders 92 and 95, thetendency of said springs being to hold the valves 97 normall in theirseats in the inner ends of the cylinders 90. WVhen the pistons approachthe cylinder heads the gas will pass into the hollow cylinders 90 andthrough the longitudinal openings 98 therein, and through the dischargeopenings in the heads and through the outlet pipes 99. To prevent thegas from being dissipated through leakage around the peripheries of thecylinders 72 and 90, forming the bodies for the inlet and outlet valves,I provide suitable bridge blocks 100. These blocks are provided withintegrally. formed lugs which project into the openings in the heads 30I blocks are forced toward the cylinder heads 30, thus enablingsuflicient pressure to be applied on the gaskets 102 to seal the jointsbetween the cylinders ,72 and 90 and the adjacent Walls of the heads 30.

It .has heretofore been pointed out that the central portion of thehousing 10 forms a hollow chamber to provide Working room for theinternal mechanism of the compressor, and in addition thereto it forms achamber to catch and confine such gas as may possibly escape from thecylinders, thus acting as a reservoir for such gas. The gas so caught\and retained in the housing is Withdrawn therefrom and re-introducedinto the circulating system through a pipe 105 which communicates withthe interior of the housing 10 and with the main supply pipe '69 whichsupply the pipes 70 that carry the gas .into the cylinder heads 30. Thepipe 105 is provided with a suitable valve 106 whereby the movement ofthe gas from the housing 10 into the pipe 69 may be controlled.

While I havedescribed my invention with more or "less minuteness asregards details of construction and arrangement and as being embodied incertain precise forms, I donot desire to be limited thereto unduly orany more than is pointed out in the claims. On the contrary, Icontemplate all proper changes in form, constructlon, and

with each other, reciprocating pistons in said cylinders, a yokeconnecting said pistons, a cam-block arranged in saidyoke, means on oneside of said cam-block for limiting its introduction into said yoke, a

revoluble cam, means onv one side of said cam for limiting 1ts1ntroduct1on.1nto said cam-block, and a. single means for holding saidcam, cam-block and yoke in operative relation.

H 2'..In combination with a double acting compressor housing, of twocylinders in axial alineme-nt with each other, reciprocating pistons insaid cylinders, a yoke con necting sa'id pistons, a cam-block arrangedlnsaid yoke, means on one side of said camcopiel of. this patent may beobteined'forflve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

a yoke provided with conically shaped apertures adapted to receive theadjacent ends of the piston rods, cone shaped means ar-,

ranged on said'piston rods adapted to engage the'correspondingly shapedapertures in the yoke, and a single means for holding the cam, cam-blockand yoke in operative relation.

4. In a double acting compressor, an air tight hollow housing, a pair ofalined com-- pression cylinders communicating with said housing,reciprocating pistons in said cylinders, a yoke connecting the pistonstogether, a cam-block arranged in said yoke, means on one side of saidcam-block for limiting its introduction into said, yoke, a revoluble camarranged in said cam-block, means on one side of said vcam for limitingits introduction into said cam-block, and means for establishingcommunication. between said housing and cylinders.

5. In a double acting compressor, anair tight hollow housing, a pair ofalined compression cylinders communicating with said housing,reciprocating pistons in said cylinders, piston rods for the pistons, a.yoke provided with sonically shaped apertures adapted to receive theadjacent ends of the pistonrods, cone shaped means arranged" on thepiston rods adapted to engage the correspondingly shaped apertures inthe walls of the yoke for self centering said piston rods in axiala-linement of said cylinders, a single means for holding the cam,camblock and yoke in operativetrelation, and

means for establishing communication between said housing and cylinders.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal atIndianapolis, Indiana,

this 27th day of December, A. D: one thousand nine hundred and thirteen.

LEE" n.- GE I SENDORFF. [1,. 8. Witnesses: I

F. W. WOERNER, I. L. LARSON.

Washington, D. 0.

